Presidential-appointed, the Roberts Commission was created to help the US Army protect works of cultural value in Allied-occupied areas of Europe. Its formal name was the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas. The commission developed inventories of Nazi-appropriated property.

Along with the Monuments Men and Women, the commission worked to rescue and preserve items of cultural significance. The commission took place from 1943 to 1946.

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